Assessing agricultural strategies
As climate changes in the Southwest, agricultural producers on Tribal lands may need to make adaptations in the way that they operate — for example, selecting drought-tolerant varieties of crops for their fields, or changing the timing of planting and harvest seasons.
As part of the Native Waters on Arid Lands project, Kynda leads a group of researchers who are working to understand how changes in climate may impact existing agricultural resources on reservations, and which crops, livestock or management strategies may be the most economically feasible or profitable in the future.
To do this, Kynda and her team use NWAL’s climate projections to learn about the predicted changes in climate for nine reservations in the study area. At NWAL summits and workshops, they collaborate with tribal agricultural producers to learn about the challenges that they face and the types of information that they need.
The goal of this work, she says, is to provide critical information to tribes about the potential profitability of some of their current cropping and livestock systems, and to provide alternatives that are likely to hold up well under climate change in the future.
Exploring alternatives
One alternative that Kynda and her team are exploring is the potential for agricultural producers to shift their efforts from perennial crops to annual crops, such as triticale. Triticale is a type of grain that is used as feed for beef cattle, and also eaten by humans. The market potential for triticale, says Kynda, is good — and planting on an annual basis provides flexibility for the farmer.
“We’re starting to see that moving from perennial crops like alfalfa into annual crops like triticale could be a really good management strategy because it allows the farmer or rancher to basically change their planning every year based upon the current situation, rather than having the 5 to 8 year time horizon that they would have with a perennial,” Kynda said.