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Home > Surgery 101 > 440. The Fiberoptic Breakthrough: Hopkins, Hirschowitz, and the Flexible Scope
Podcast: Surgery 101
Episode:

440. The Fiberoptic Breakthrough: Hopkins, Hirschowitz, and the Flexible Scope
Category: Religion & Spirituality
Duration: 00:10:02
Publish Date: 2026-01-21 12:21:00
Description: By the mid-20th century, endoscopy and laparoscopy were ready for major advancement. Although instruments had evolved into semi-flexible designs, visualization was still limited by glass optics and heat-producing light sources. A breakthrough toward fully flexible, high-resolution imaging emerged through the combined demands of surgery and advances in optical physics, driven by the pioneering work of Harold Hopkins and Basil Hirschowitz.
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