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Home > Surgery 101 > 438. From Mirrors to Incandescent Bulbs: The 19th- Century Leap
Podcast: Surgery 101
Episode:

438. From Mirrors to Incandescent Bulbs: The 19th- Century Leap
Category: Religion & Spirituality
Duration: 00:10:07
Publish Date: 2026-01-07 12:50:00
Description: By the mid-19th century, improvements in illumination and optics transformed endoscopy from a theoretical idea into a practical clinical tool, culminating in Antoine Jean Desormeaux's work in Paris in 1853. Building on Bozzini's Lichtleiter and frustrated by diagnostic limits of palpation, Desormeaux replaced candlelight with a brighter, controllable source known as the gazogène.
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